Digital Literacy Among Migrants in Portugal: Access, Usage, and Trust in Health Information

Abstract Background Digital literacy is crucial for effective utilization of health-related services and information. This study evaluates digital literacy among migrants in Portugal, focusing on three key components: access to digital services, usage of these services for health information, and trust in online health resources. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess migrants’ access to digital devices such as smartphones and computers, their ability to use these devices for health-related purposes, and their perceptions of the credibility of online health information. Data were analyzed across various sociodemographic and migration-related factors. Results 1,048 migrants were included, of which 90.3% had access to digital services, and 64.9% reported ease in using these services to obtain health information. Despite widespread access and usability, about 45.6% of migrants doubted the reliability of online health information. Access and usage varied significantly with age, education, income, employment status, and region of origin. Older, less educated, lower-income, and African migrants faced more significant challenges in access and usage. Additionally, trust issues were predominantly reported by females, those with lower education levels, recent arrivals, and non-Portuguese speakers. Conclusions The study highlights significant disparities in digital literacy among migrants, influenced by socio-economic and demographic factors. While access to digital tools is high, challenges in usage and trust present barriers to effective health communication. Key messages • High access to digital services among migrants, yet significant disparities affect older, less educated, and lower-income groups. • Usage difficulties combined with low trust in online health info highlight the need for targeted digital literacy interventions.