Development of a potentiometric sensor for mercury (II) ion using cerium (IV) tinmolybdophosphate

Abstract Objectives The primary objective of this report is to develop a heperopolyacid salt, Cerium (IV) tinmolybdophosphate (CeSnMoP), with distinctive attributes that significantly enhance its ion exchange capacity. Through deliberate adjustments in temperature, pH, and volume ratios, we have carefully prepared a range of CeSnMoP samples. One sample exhibiting an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 5.06 ± 0.2 meq gm-1 has been identified for further extensive analysis. The second objective was to develop the potentiometric sensor by using the synthesised sample therefore it was transformed into an electrode incorporating PVC as binder material and validated as a potentiometric sensor for Mercury ions which can work as variable media. Data description Instrumental analyses, such as XRD, IR, TGA, SEM and EDS, were used to elucidate the compound’s structural aspects. Distribution coefficient (K d ) studies highlighted the compound's pronounced selectivity towards Hg 2+ ions. This catalyst was further utilized as an electro-active substance for detecting Hg 2+ ions in an external solution. Epoxy resin played the role of a binder in the electrode formulations. The electrode, comprising a membrane with 50% exchanger material, demonstrated superior performance. This selected membrane exhibited a wide operational concentration range of 1 × 10 –6 M – 1 × 10 –1 M of Hg 2+ ions for quantitative analysis of unknown samples of mercury ions. The lower detection limit for the calibration curve was recorded up to 2 × 10 –8 M from 1 to 10 –1 M. The electrode effectively sensed this metal ion within the pH range of 3.74–7.51 and exhibited a lifespan exceeding 8 months.