Dynamic modeling of variable speed left ventricular assist devices coupled to the cardiovascular system

The new model provides a more accurate method for the predicting the characteristics of LVAD in the coupled model under varying pump speeds, and exhibits higher linearity in the work done by the left ventricle and the blood pump, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>9998</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, which is aligning closely with the experimental results. This enhancement renders it applicable for proactive control predictions and passive control validations.