The condition of the oral mucosa in somatic pathology

Lesions of the oral mucosa (SOPR) are often the primary pronounced clinical symptom of somatic diseases. It is possible to find out which pathogenetic mechanisms and links of somatic pathology create conditions for the implementation of risk factors, the implementation and development of structural and functional disorders in the oral mucosa, with the aim of targeted therapeutic effects on changes in the SOPR and the general condition of the body as a whole. The purpose of the study was to establish the structure of diseases of the oral mucosa depending on gender and age in patients with various somatic pathology. Materials and methods: A survey was conducted of 164 patients who sought advice from the Dental Hospital of Khabarovsk. Between the ages of 18 and 89. The average age of patients was (55.7 ± 1.38) years. All the subjects were divided into 4 groups depending on their age and the presence of diseases of internal organs. The comparison group included 30 somatically preserved patients of similar age and gender, by random sampling. Results: It was found that with pathology of the oral mucosa, women out of the total number of cases were 2.5 times more than men. The greatest number of patients’ complaints about the diseases of COPD was in the age group of 60-74 years, unlike other age groups: 18-44 years by 1.8 times; 45–59 years by 1.2 times; 75–89 years by 2.7 times, respectively. Most diseases of the oral mucosa are manifested in the presence of systemic pathology. Somatic diseases were detected in 62.2 % of patients with COPD. Pathology of internal organs and systems affects 70.42 % of patients with lichen planus, 50 % of patients with leukoplakia, 80 % of patients with candidiasis, 26.32 % of patients with chronic aphthous stomatitis and 79.17 % of patients with glossitis. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are 1.2 and 2.8 times more dominant in the structure of the lesions of the SOPR compared to the pathology of the cardiovascular and endocrine system. Findings: The revealed pattern of manifestations of pathological changes in the oral mucosa against the background of somatic pathology is of great diagnostic importance not only for dentists of various profiles, but also for clinicians of specialized departments, since ultimately all this affects the timeliness and quality of medical and diagnostic care for this category of patients.