The Role of Gut Microbioma in Human Health: Exploring the Impact on Metabolism, Immunity, and Neurological Disorders

Abstract: The human microbiota has been progressively accepted for its role in sustaining overall health and well-being. The gut microflora vigorously communicates with the host metabolic system that exert influence on the progression, maturation, immune cells development and immune homeostasis maintenance. For the proper functioning of the immune system a diversified and steady gut microflora is needed, while “Dysbiosis” or an imbalance in the gut microbioma will lead to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The gut microbiota provides shape to our immune response and contribute to host protection against pathogen or bacterium through mechanisms such as the transformation of pro- inflammatory cytokine production, regulatory T-cell inductor and by intestinal mucosaql barrier. In addition to gut microbiota can affect our neurological function and play a key role in the pathogenesis of psychological disorders such as autism, depression, anxiety, Parkinson and Alzheimer’s disease. Gut microbiota can regulate neurological disorders by supplementing them with fecal transplantation, probiotics and antibiotics. An important parameter to consider gut microbioma disorder is Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes.