Catholic School as a Model of Interaction Between Church and State in Italy

The article deals with the phenomenon of Catholic schools as a model of interaction between the Church and the State in Italy. The objective of work is to consider the principle of “equality” as an alternative state option in education. The author concludes that the “equification” of Catholic and public schools in 2000 did not de facto give Italians the opportunity to choose freely the type of education for their children – a principle enshrined in the Italian Constitution. With the reduction of state subsidies, some “equal” schools are forced to close. The State's policy towards such schools is criticised by the Catholic Church and by Catholic public opinion, which rightly consider what is happening in view of the conflict between secular and religious culture. Christian principles, study of European culture, recognition of the dominant role of the family, centrality of the person, education in the spirit of solidarity, priority of collective values on individualism, respect for diversity, including those linked to disability – these fundamental principles of the Catholic educational project are appreciated by Italians who would like to raise their children in the respect of the Christian cultural tradition. The author concludes that in the context of globalisation, secularism, the state monopoly on education, Catholic education continues to be perceived by some Italians as the most important component of national identity.