A Rapid Sequence of Solar Energetic Particle Events Associated with a Series of Extreme-ultraviolet Jets: Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and Near-Earth Spacecraft Observations

Abstract A series of solar energetic electron (SEE) events was observed from 2022 November 9 to November 15 by Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and near-Earth spacecraft. At least 32 SEE intensity enhancements at energies >10 keV were clearly distinguishable in Solar Orbiter particle data, with 13 of them occurring on November 11. Several of these events were accompanied by ≲10 MeV proton and ≲2 MeV nucleon −1 heavy-ion intensity enhancements. By combining remote-sensing and in situ data from the three viewpoints (Solar Orbiter and STEREO-A were ∼20° and ∼15° east of Earth, respectively), we determine that the origin of this rapid succession of events was a series of brightenings and jetlike eruptions detected in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations from the vicinity of two active regions. We find a close association between these EUV phenomena, the occurrence of hard X-ray flares, type III radio bursts, and the release of SEEs. For the most intense events, usually associated with extended EUV jets, the distance between the site of these solar eruptions and the estimated magnetic connectivity regions of each spacecraft with the Sun did not prevent the arrival of electrons at the three locations. The capability of jets to drive coronal fronts does not necessarily imply the observation of an SEE event. Two peculiar SEE events on November 9 and 14, observed only at electron energies ≲50 keV but rich in ≲1 MeV nucleon −1 heavy ions, originated from slow-rising confined EUV emissions, for which the process resulting in energetic particle release to interplanetary space is unclear.

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Publication Details

Journal
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2024-10-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6c47
Citations
6
Primary Topic
Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.99

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article

A Rapid Sequence of Solar Energetic Particle Events Associated with a Series of Extreme-ultraviolet Jets: Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and Near-Earth Spacecraft Observations

I. Cernuda, A. Aran, A. Warmuth, L. Balmaceda et al.
6 citations
The Astrophysical Journal
Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
1.99
article

A Rapid Sequence of Solar Energetic Particle Events Associated with a Series of Extreme-ultraviolet Jets: Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and Near-Earth Spacecraft Observations

I. Cernuda, A. Aran, A. Warmuth, L. Balmaceda, N. Dresing, Laura Rodríguez‐García, F. Espinosa Lara, Radoslav Bučík, A. Hutchinson, T. S. Horbury, D. Lario, Fernando Carcaboso, G. M. Mason, A. N. Zhukov, R. Gómez‐Herrero, Hannah Collier, G. C. Ho, I. G. Richardson, J. Rodríguez‐Pacheco, Nicolas Wijsen, Säm Krucker, D. Pacheco, Du Toit Strauss, L. Rodríguez, Vratislav Krupař, Pankaj Kumar, Immanuel Christopher Jebaraj, N. Nitta, C. Mac Cormack, Athanasios Kouloumvakos, N. P. Janitzek
article en
6 citations

Abstract

Abstract A series of solar energetic electron (SEE) events was observed from 2022 November 9 to November 15 by Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and near-Earth spacecraft. At least 32 SEE intensity enhancements at energies >10 keV were clearly distinguishable in Solar Orbiter particle data, with 13 of them occurring on November 11. Several of these events were accompanied by ≲10 MeV proton and ≲2 MeV nucleon −1 heavy-ion intensity enhancements. By combining remote-sensing and in situ data from the three viewpoints (Solar Orbiter and STEREO-A were ∼20° and ∼15° east of Earth, respectively), we determine that the origin of this rapid succession of events was a series of brightenings and jetlike eruptions detected in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations from the vicinity of two active regions. We find a close association between these EUV phenomena, the occurrence of hard X-ray flares, type III radio bursts, and the release of SEEs. For the most intense events, usually associated with extended EUV jets, the distance between the site of these solar eruptions and the estimated magnetic connectivity regions of each spacecraft with the Sun did not prevent the arrival of electrons at the three locations. The capability of jets to drive coronal fronts does not necessarily imply the observation of an SEE event. Two peculiar SEE events on November 9 and 14, observed only at electron energies ≲50 keV but rich in ≲1 MeV nucleon −1 heavy ions, originated from slow-rising confined EUV emissions, for which the process resulting in energetic particle release to interplanetary space is unclear.

The Astrophysical JournalVol. 975(1)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, European Space Agency, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Vlaamse regering, Goddard Space Flight Center, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Office of Naval Research, Heliophysics Division
Openalex Percentile: Top 14%
Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
1.99
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