Uterine Angioleiomyoma Masquerading as Ovarian Tumor: A Rare Case Report

Aim and background: Angioleiomyoma (AL) is an uncommon kind of leiomyoma distinguished by the excessive growth of smooth muscle cells and capillaries with thick walls.It usually develops in the subcutaneous plane of the lower limbs.However, it can occasionally occur in the female reproductive system.Clinical presentation includes heavy menstrual bleeding, lower abdominal pain, or abdominal mass.Due to the lack of definitive clinical or imaging features, differentiation from leiomyoma relies on histopathological examination.Case description: Here, we present a rare case of a female patient aged 45 years complaining of dull lower abdominal pain.Imaging revealed a complex left adnexal mass, leading to suspicion of ovarian tumor.Exploratory laparotomy revealed a mass arising from the left broad ligament, which was excised along with hysterectomy.Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of AL, and the patient recovered well postoperatively.Conclusion: Angioleiomyoma in the uterine region poses diagnostic challenges due to its rarity and lack of specific imaging features.Preoperative diagnosis is difficult, necessitating histopathological examination for confirmation.Clinicians and pathologists should be aware of this benign entity and differentiate it from potential mimickers to guide appropriate management.Clinical significance: The present case highlights the importance of considering rare uterine AL in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses, highlighting the necessity for meticulous histopathological examination and timely surgical intervention for optimal patient outcomes.