Energy-conversion efficiency for producing oxy-hydrogen gas using a simple generator based on water electrolysis

Producing hydrogen efficiently through water electrolysis could greatly reduce fossil fuel consumption. As well as this renewable energy source will also help combat global warming and boost economic investment opportunities. This paper studied some factors affecting the performance of oxy-hydrogen/hydroxy (HHO) gas generator, such as applied voltage (from 10.5 to 13.0 V) and electrolyte solution concentration (from 0.05 to 0.20 M), using a dry fuel cell based on the electrolyzing technique of water. The results revealed that the HHO gas production rate, power consumption, and temperature change of electrolyte solution increased significantly with increasing the tested applied voltage and electrolyte concentration. This study concluded that the optimum conditions for producing HHO gas ranged from 11.5 to 12.0 V for applied voltage and from 0.05 to 0.10 M for KOH concentration according to the lowest specific energy and highest HHO gas generator efficiency. Under the previous optimum conditions, the highest productivity, specific energy, and efficiency of the HHO gas generator were 343.9 cm³ min^-1, 3.43 kW h m^-3, and 53.79%, respectively, using 12.0 V for applied voltage and 0.10 M for electrolyte solution concentration. These findings provide an unambiguous direction for adjusting the operational factors (applied voltage and electrolyte concentration) for efficient HHO gas production and use in different applications. Furthermore, the required energy to operate the HHO gas generator can be obtained from renewable sources.