Mitigating Maritime Cybersecurity Risks Using AI-Based Intrusion Detection Systems and Network Automation During Extreme Environmental Conditions

The maritime industry is increasingly confronted with a myriad of cybersecurity challenges exacerbated by extreme environmental conditions, technological advancements, and heightened reliance on automation. This review paper discusses the intersection of these factors, focusing on the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) and network automation as vital strategies for mitigating cybersecurity risks. The paper begins by outlining the unique cybersecurity threats faced by the maritime sector, which include data breaches, phishing attacks, and malware threats, all amplified by adverse weather and geographical isolation. In light of these challenges, the rationale for integrating AI-driven solutions into maritime operations is discussed. AI-based IDS can enhance threat detection capabilities through advanced machine learning algorithms that adapt to evolving cyber threats while minimizing false positives. Additionally, network automation can improve connectivity and data security, facilitating real-time monitoring and response to incidents. The review also addresses the critical need for collaboration between maritime and technology industries, emphasizing how partnerships can foster innovation and provide tailored solutions to the sector’s specific needs. Furthermore, the paper examines current implementations and case studies that illustrate successful applications of AI and automation in adverse maritime conditions. While recognizing the potential benefits, the review highlights the technical and operational challenges inherent in these implementations, including data integration, regulatory compliance, and cultural differences between sectors. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of maritime cybersecurity and the pivotal role of AI and automation in shaping a resilient, secure maritime future. The findings underscore the importance of ongoing research and development, collaborative efforts, and the necessity of adaptable strategies to safeguard maritime operations against the evolving landscape of cyber threats.