Analysis of the determinants of the regeneration and growth of Cedar Atlas (Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière), an endangered endemic taxon in Morocco-Case of the Middle Atlas forests

Abstract In the present study, the Azrou cedar Atlas forest ( Cedrus atlantica ), taken as a case study of the Middle Atlas forest, show a regressive evolution both in time and in space. Although this forest has been the subject of several successive regeneration attempts, its condition is far from satisfactory. The present study focuses on a statistical and Correspondence factor analysis (CFA) to highlight the main determinants of this regeneration and Cedar Atlas growth. The results obtained revealed three classes of regeneration, namely (1) a group of poor regeneration, (2) a group of no regeneration, and (3) a group of average to good regeneration. Indeed, the regeneration of Cedar Atlas forests is linked to certain biophysical and socio-economic descriptors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffé test and stepwise regression showed also that the soil depth, stand density, and basal area are the determinant variables that best explain the Atlas cedar growth. To this end, a profound reflection on the vectors of change must be imposed in order to lead to the conservation and sustainable management of Cedar Atlas forests in Morocco. New approaches to forest management are needed.