Growth factor dysregulation and placental dysfunction

The article is devoted to the study of angiogenic and antiangiogenic vascular growth factors in placental dysfunction, which is of great importance in obstetrics and perinatology. The study of growth factors as predictors of the development of placental dysfunction makes it possible to determine in advance the development of many obstetric pathologies, including preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation, which is of great practical importance. The authors conducted an immunological study of pregnant women with placental dysfunction and pregnant women with a physiological pregnancy. Purpose of the study: to study serum growth factors in women with placental dysfunction. We examined 47 pregnant women with a gestation period of 26-40 weeks, with a diagnosis of placental dysfunction, who were under observation in the obstetric department of the city maternity complex No. 3 of the city of Tashkent. The control group consisted of 35 women with a physiological pregnancy. All women underwent an immunological blood test: cellular and humoral immunity, as well as cytokines (VEGF-A, PlGF, sFlt-1, sFlt-1/PlGF) were studied. Based on the results obtained, the authors suggest that an increased level of soluble sFlt-1 and a simultaneous decrease in the levels of VEGF-A and PlGF in pregnant women at 26-40 weeks of gestation may portend the development of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction, and increase the risk of premature birth. Ddelivery due to impaired placental blood flow and oxygen deficiency for the fetus, lead to deterioration of microcirculation, and insufficient levels of VEGF-A and PlGF can contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction, which can also contribute to the development of preeclampsia. The studied angiogenic and antiangiogenic vascular growth factors are important indicators and can serve as markers for predicting pregnancy complications for active medical intervention in maintaining the health of both mother and child.