Decoding the brain: EEG applications in sensory processing, emotion recognition, and pain assessment

This work explores the diverse applications of electroencephalography (EEG) across sensory processing, emotion recognition, and pain assessment. It analyzes recent studies employing EEG to investigate auditory perception, visual processing, emotional states, and pain experiences, highlighting common methodological approaches such as preprocessing techniques, feature extraction methods, and classification algorithms. Key findings reveal EEG’s potential in decoding complex brain states, from identifying neural correlates of music perception to detecting pain signals, and discuss the advancement of machine learning techniques, particularly deep learning, in enhancing the accuracy and real-time capabilities of EEG-based systems. The paper also addresses challenges in EEG research, such as limited spatial resolution and the need for larger, more diverse datasets, and proposes future directions emphasizing multimodal integration, standardization of protocols, and the development of user-friendly tools for clinical applications. This paper underscores EEG’s significant role in advancing our understanding of brain function and its potential to revolutionize neurological diagnostics and treatments.