Control Based on FGS-PID for Modular Multiport DC/DC Converter in Multi-Energy Storage Barge System

This paper explores the integration of multiple energy sources, including Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs), Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs), and Fuel cells, within charging stations designed for various vessels and cruise ships. Multiport Modular Multilevel Converters (MP-MMC) have been suggested to address this necessity, surpassing the performance, efficiency, and reliability of multiple SISO DC/DC converters. Despite these benefits, the presence of cross-coupling between control variables poses a significant challenge in designing controllers for MP-MMC. This paper provides an in-depth model of an MP-MMC and presents a control strategy employing a Fuzzy Gain Scheduling of PID (FGS-PID) controller.