Optimization of microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075 aluminum alloy by equal channel angular pressing technology

Abstract The equal channel angular pressing technology, as an effective technique for modifying the surface of a material, has had a significant impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 7075 aluminum alloy. The study achieved the refinement of 7075 aluminum alloy grains and the homogenization of the second phase particle distribution through equal channel angular pressing technology, thereby significantly improving the strength and plasticity of the material. Through orthogonal experimental design, the effects of extrusion angle, extrusion speed, and remelting temperature on material properties were studied. The results showed that appropriate ECAP parameters could effectively regulate the microstructure of 7075 aluminum alloy, thereby optimizing its mechanical properties. Especially in the analysis of equivalent strain rate, when the extrusion angle was 50°, the position of the maximum equivalent strain rate at the forefront point remained unchanged, but the equivalent strain rate decreased to 0.107 −1 . In the aging hardness analysis, when the number of equal channel angular pressing passes was 3, the aging hardness of G group 7075 aluminum alloy increased to 195HV in the first 5 min. The equal channel angular pressing technology can optimize the internal structure of 7075 aluminum alloy and improve the material’s plasticity and mechanical properties. The research provides important technical support for the application of 7075 aluminum alloy in high-end equipment manufacturing.