Accountable Care Organizations and HPV Vaccine Uptake: A Multilevel Analysis

Adolescents receiving care from ACOs were significantly more likely to initiate and complete HPV vaccination than were adolescents receiving care in non-ACO settings. Variation in HPV vaccine uptake attributable to providers within ACOs dwarfed variation attributable to ACOs, indicating that vaccine uptake was more dependent on the provider irrespective of the ACO with which they were affiliated. Efforts to improve HPV vaccination rates may require provider-focused interventions regardless of the overall performance of their health care system or provider organization.