Хhe economic situation of the Karkaraly district in the second quarter of the 19th century

Since the second half of the 19th century, the Russian Empire established a colonial order in Kazakhstan. The Kazakh region, rich in natural resources and livestock raw materials, had long attracted the attention of Russian entrepreneurs. As the wave of metropolitan development grew, the demand for sources of raw materials and labor increased. Therefore, the exploitationof this resource-rich territory required the ruling groups to implement administrative and regulatory methods, among others. In this context, the article is dedicated to studying the economic and social changes that occurred in the Karkaraly region duringthe period in question. Special attention is given to the analysis of the impact of Russian peasant resettlement, changes in agriculture and livestock breeding, as well as the role of forestry, trade, manufacturing, and industry in the economic development of the region.