Retrograde coronary venous ethanol ablation for patients with ventricular tachycardia and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case report with real-time assessment of electrogram changes during ethanol infusion

Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has become the standard therapy for ventricular arrhythmia (VA).1 Despite the relatively high effectiveness, RFCA, even when utilizing combined endocardial and epicardial approaches, may encounter limitations, often owing to anatomic challenges such as deep intramural arrhythmogenic foci or proximity to the coronary arteries.2 Recently, several studies have demonstrated that retrograde coronary venous ethanol ablation (RCVEA) is a promising strategy for addressing these challenges, with high acute success rates and low complication rates.