Computational design of electride superconductors at high pressures

Superconductivity, a phenomenon with wide-ranging practical applications and theoretical significance, has led to ongoing research for novel superconducting materials. Among these, electrides have garnered significant attention due to their unique structures, characterized by interstitial anionic electrons (IAEs) that reside in the voids of the crystal lattice. These IAEs play a key role in determining the electronic properties of electrides, positioning them as promising candidates for superconductivity. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in electride superconductors, particularly those driven by theoretical calculations. We emphasize their crystal structures, IAEs topologies, and superconducting transition temperatures, with a specific focus on the role of IAEs in electron-phonon coupling, a key mechanism driving superconductivity. Finally, we discuss the challenges, opportunities, and future directions for the development of high-pressure electride superconductors.