Jewish fundamentalism and extremism - the case of Gush Emunim

This paper explores the complex landscape of religious fundamentalism and extremism within Israeli society, with a particular focus on the Religious Zionist faction known as Gush Emunim. It delves into the group’s formation, ideology, and actions, specifically examining their underground branch, the Makhteret, responsible for executing acts of symbolic terrorism in Israel. The study aims to shed light on the motivations, religious assurances, and perceived threats that compel these religious groups to resort to violence. By analyzing the broader societal and religious divides within Israel, including the significant cleavages between secular and non-secular Jews, the research offers a nuanced view of how religious identity, political ambition, and the pursuit of biblical lands contribute to fundamentalist and extremist behavior. The ultimate goal of such movements, as highlighted, is the expansion of Israeli territory to its biblical borders and the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem, seen as essential for the Messiah’s arrival. This paper contributes to the understanding of religious extremism’s impacts on Israeli politics, society, and interfaith relations, emphasizing the role of religious conviction in driving some of the most profound conflicts in the region.