Arabic borrowings in the Russian language transmitted to Russian through French

This paper examines the lexemes of Arabic origin that entered the Russian language via French at different periods of time. The aim of the study is to identify the changes that have occurred as a result of their entry and assimilation into the Russian language. There are insufficient studies of borrowed lexemes of Arabic origin in the Russian language, which accounts for the scientific novelty of our research. The article presents the phonetic system of the Arabic language in comparison with the Russian phonetic system. The existing differences are analyzed based on lexemes of Arabic origin that entered the Russian language indirectly, through other languages, in this case through the French language. These differences are examined based on Arabicisms that entered the Russian language through French. An analysis of morphological, phonetic and semantic changes of borrowed lexemes is provided in comparison with the prototype. We analyze the semantic field of lexemes in the source language (Arabic), in the intermediary language (French), and in the receptor language (Russian). The results obtained showed that the lexemes that penetrate into the Russian language through an intermediary language are transformed, experiencing the influence of the intermediary language.