Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case Report

This case report delves into the case of a patient in the Dominican Republic with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). MIS-C is a rare, hyper-inflammatory condition that develops in children as a delayed response to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, typically appearing with general markers of inflammation such as erythema and, in severe cases, cardiorespiratory symptoms. The three-year-old patient discussed in this report presented with signs of inflammation, such as erythema, rashes, and chapped skin, and reported experiencing diarrhea, vomiting, and fever for multiple days. Notably, a concurrent parasitic presence was found in the patient's fecal sample, and antibiotics were heavily used throughout the course of treatment. We explain the merits and drawbacks behind using antibiotic therapy for MIS-C and suggest steps that clinicians and researchers can take in order to minimize the potential misuse of antibiotics. Specifically, we identify that prioritizing tests for concurrent infections or illnesses is imperative in treating MIS-C patients, and we conclude by stating that using blood cultures and coprological examinations in tandem is an effective strategy for this purpose.