An Analysis of Light Weight Symmetric Encryption Algorithms for Secure Data Transmission in IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of a network of resource-constrained devices, sensors, and machines that are interconnected and communicate via the internet. However, these devices often struggle while handling complex attacks during data encryption and after the encrypted data is transmitted. Cipher algorithms are therefore critical to the data security process because they handle the growing complexities in the applications of data environments. This review aims to present the most effective and efficient symmetric cipher algorithms, which use the same components as the ciphers. It demonstrates how the current cipher has developed into a lightweight encryption by lowering the number and impact of each component. Thus, it becomes clearer how the strength of these components varies between symmetric and asymmetric ciphers dependent on their size. Finally, several efficient lightweight symmetric cipher algorithms are selected, and the security, performance, and resource needs of each algorithm's components are reviewed.