Optimizing Seven-Level Converter Performance in Renewable Energy Systems Using GWO

Integrating diverse renewable energy sources (RES) into the grid presents significant challenges, primarily due to their variable nature and the associated issues of power quality, reliability, and stability. Existing solutions often face inefficiencies and high harmonic distortion in power conversion systems. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel approach utilizing a Seven-Level Converter (SLC) controlled by a hybrid optimization strategy. This strategy combines Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) with Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). The system integrates Solar Photovoltaic (SPV), wind, fuel cell, and tidal energy sources, with the SLC managing their combined output. The design includes precise synchronization with the grid via a Point of Common Coupling (PCC) bus, a three-phase transformer for voltage adjustment, and fault simulation to ensure reliability under various conditions. The proposed system demonstrates significant improvements in power quality and stability. It achieves a reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) to 3.56%, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the renewable energy integration into the grid. The integration of SPV, wind, fuel cell, and tidal energy sources through the advanced SLC and hybrid optimization approach results in a more reliable and stable renewable energy system. This approach effectively mitigates harmonic distortion and improves power quality, providing a robust solution for integrating diverse RES into the grid.