Characterization of Short-Circuit Faults Within Battery Modules for Energy Storage Systems

With the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy installed capacity, in order to solve the problem of new energy output volatility, battery energy storage by virtue of its electrical characteristics and economic advantages of the rapid development, and gradually tend to modularization and large capacity, but also accompanied by battery short circuit, thermal runaway and other safety issues. This paper takes a domestic battery energy storage station as a reference, combines the current decoupling control, builds a complete cascade H-bridge battery energy storage system simulation model, calculates the electrical parameter change rule when short-circuit fault occurs inside the battery module under different operating power, and summarizes the fault characteristics under different fault conditions. The study shows that the battery terminal voltage will fall to different degrees, and under the control of the power module, the system operating power will recover after a short fluctuation. A large short-circuit current will be generated internally, but the short-circuit current remains unchanged with the change of operating power. The battery cluster current has exceeded the maximum allowable current, and failure to remove the fault in time can seriously damage the battery.