Effects of Operating Temperatures and Discharge Currents Gallium–30Tin/Natrium-Silicate/Graphite All-Solid-State Batteries

An all-solid-state battery featuring a Ga–30Sn anode, Na silicate electrolyte, and graphite cathode was fabricated. This study investigated the effects of operating temperatures and discharge currents on the charge–discharge cycle performance of the battery. Specifically, the optimal cathode materials were determined to be graphite. The battery had considerable charge–discharge cycling performance at an operating temperature of 55°C. At a high operating temperature of 85°C, the battery reached its maximum capacity with a small number of cycles; however, prolonged exposure to this temperature compromised the stability of the solid electrolyte, thus affecting the battery’s capacity. High-discharge currents promoted ion participation in electrochemical reactions and thereby enhanced the battery’s capacity. Nevertheless, excessive ion accumulated on the electrode surface during the charge–discharge cycles and adversely affected ion insertion and extraction processes. Both Ga and Na ions served as cation carriers in the Ga–30Sn/Na silicate/graphite battery, which exhibited acceptable capacity. Thus, this all-solid-state battery is non-toxic, safe, and robust when applied in high-temperature environments.