STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OSTEOPROTEGERIN AND KIDNEY INJURY MOLECULE-1 AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES IN PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY STONES.

Kidney stones are a common disorder that affects men and women. Stones are hard, abnormal deposits that form inside the kidneys. They are also known as kidney stones or urinary stones. The incidence of kidney stones has increased significantly, and their prevalence is increasing worldwide. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a biochemical variable that plays an important regulatory role in predicting various kidney diseases. KIM-1 also known as HAVcr-1, and TIM-1 is a sensitive and specific biomarker for kidney injury due to its great importance. United States of America, Food and Drug Administration, and European Medicines Agency have adopted KIM-1 as a biomarker in urine to detect kidney injuries.