The Association Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Physical Function in Older Japanese Adults Aged 75 Years or Older Living in Independent Senior Housing: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background/Objective: Although there are many reports on the association between cognitive and physical functions in older adults, little information is available on those aged ≥75 years. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults over 75 years who live in independent senior housing is associated with physical function. Methods: In this study, 271 participants (174 women and 97 men) with a mean age of 85.4 ± 4.7 years were included. Cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; a score < 26 confirmed MCI. MCI was an objective variable in univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Physical function was measured using hand grip strength, normal and maximum gait speeds, and the 30 s chair stand test. Physical function was an explanatory variable adjusted for age and divided into tertiles (high, middle, and low) based on sex. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: There were 170 participants (63%) with MCI. Compared to the non-MCI group, the MCI group had significantly higher age and significantly lower normal and maximum gait speeds and 30 s chair stand test values Age-adjusted univariate analyses in women showed higher MCI rates in the low-fitness group than in the high-fitness group for maximum gait speed and 30 s chair stand test values. No variables were associated with MCI in men. Conclusions: MCI may be associated with physical function in women and older adults over 75 years who live in independent senior housing.