Solar-enhanced DCMD: Dual-tank system for superior efficiency and viability

ABSTRACT This study investigates a novel solar-powered direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system designed to significantly enhance desalination efficiency and economic feasibility. The system features a dual-tank configuration integrated with a solar collector, which optimizes thermal energy storage and ensures consistent feedwater temperatures. Therefore, continuous operation is possible despite fluctuations in solar radiation. An assessment of the system's performance under various solar radiation conditions predicted an average daily permeate flux of 14.4 kg/m2 and a specific energy consumption of 1810 kJ/kg, indicating superior thermal efficiency. The economic analysis revealed a competitive levelized water cost of $25.75 per cubic meter, highlighting the system's potential as a viable alternative to conventional desalination technologies. These findings suggest that the proposed DCMD system is a leading technology in the pursuit of sustainable desalination. Considering its thermal management and cost-effectiveness, the system presents a transformative solution for sustainable freshwater production in regions with abundant solar resources.