Specifics of Mathematical Modeling of Various Types of Wind Turbines in ARM SRZA and RastrKZ Software Packages

Recently, many countries have been commissioning large numbers of wind power plants (WPP) with wind turbines (WT) The development of power output diagrams for WPPs is associated with problems of the mathematical modeling of WTs for the calculation of short-circuit (SC) currents. This is required for the selection of relay protection (RP) device setting parameters. Some software packages (SP) use verified WT models with automated control and protection systems that correctly account for their operating modes. The ARM SRZA and RastrKZ software packages lack the capacities for the correct mathematical modeling of WTs, although they can calculate the periodic component of the SC current in the initial moment. The lack of methodological guidelines for the mathematical modeling of WTs in the ARM SRZA and RastrKZ SP results in the incorrect rendering of WTs as synchronous generators. This results in the insufficient sensitivity of RP startup units, their non-selective operation, and unnecessary shutdowns of the WTs by the LVRT function when the RP operates correctly. The electromechanical transient processes calculated in the PowerFactory DIgSILENT SP showed that the periodic component of the SC current contribution from WTs attenuates over 100 ms max. When modeling WTs in the ARM SRZA and RastrKZ SP, the authors suggest setting the current source as an EMF Behind the Resistance voltage source with respective parameter recalculation. The comparison of calculations for the periodic component of the SC current contribution from type I, II, III, and IV WTs, performed in the PowerFactory DIgSILENT software, as well as the ARM SRZA and RastrKZ SP showed that the difference is within 10% according to the suggested approach.