Role of AI and Open RAN in 6G Networks: Performance Impact and Key Technologies

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and open radio access network (RAN) into sixth-generation (6G) networks has led to significant transformation and advancement in the wireless communications industry, especially for cellular networks. It offers enhanced network performance, which is essential for future networks. This paper examines the impact of AI and O-RAN integration in the 6G architecture and possibly the latest 6G technologies, providing insight into how these technologies can benefit from the AI-based open 6G RAN architecture. We discuss the challenges of transitioning from traditional to future RAN, including interoperability, mobility, performance issues, complexity, and regulatory standards, and propose the possible future directions to these challenges.