Outer membrane protein genes and MDR resistance of Enterobacter cloacae in UTI of bladder cancer patients

Background: Bladder cancer is a multifaceted condition that can result in higher rates of mortality if not adequately treated. The study aims to measure the rate of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacter cloacae infections in bladder cancer patients and to correlate between the presence of OMP genes and pattern of resistance. Methods: Out of the 147 patients in this investigation, 117 were diagnosed with bladder cancer and were included in the study. Urine specimens were taken for bacterial isolation. The diagnosis was verified using the Vitek 2 compact system. Results: 97 out of 117 of the urine samples tested positive for bacterial infection. Among the positive samples. , E. cloacae accounted for 58.7%, while E. coli came in second with a proportion of 29.8%. The antimicrobial susceptibility results for E. cloacae showed the highest resistance rate was observed for ceftriaxone and gentamicin, with all isolates (100%). 32 out of 57 (56.1%) E. cloacae isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). Additionally, omp genes were found in all E. cloacae isolates. 100% of samples were positive for omp C, 96.4% for ompF, and 92.9% for ompX. Conclusions: Antibiotic-resistant E. cloacae infections in bladder cancer patients are common, omp genes in all isolates indicate outer membrane proteins' role in antibiotic resistance. The findings highlight the need to treat cancer patients' bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant organisms.