Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by endophytic fungus Fusarium porliferutum isolated from Allium Sativum and its antimicrobial effect against multidrug resistant bacteria

Background: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by endophytic fungi is a potential biological nanomanufacturing technique. Endophytic fungus provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for producing nanoparticles. Methods: In the current investigation, endophytic fungal isolates were identified as Fusarum proliferetum visually and genetically. The purified silver particles' crystalline structure, particle size distribution, and morphology were analyzed using UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Results: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) of the particles indicated the presence of many functional groups involved in the synthesis process, such as bio reducers and capping agents. Optimization of physio-chemical parameters for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was at pH 7, substate concentration 1mM, salinity value 0.1 NaCl and incubation period 72 hrs. silver nanoparticles were shown to have an antibacterial impact on multidrug resistant bacteria, as evidenced by an inhibitory zone that increased with nanoparticle concentration. Furthermore, the effect of silver nanoparticles on Gram negative bacteria was better than Gram positive bacteria as evidence by MIC results. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed significant distortions caused by green produced silver nanoparticles on bacterial cell morphology. Conclusion: The research findings suggest that GS-AgNPs have significant efficacy as a safe and potent antibacterial agent against bacteria that are resistant to many antibiotics.