The Impact of Various Organic Manures on the Germination, Development, and Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

The Department of Horticulture at Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam conducted the pots experiment during the 2018-19 growing season to evaluate the germination, growth, and development of okra using different organic manures. The study involved two varieties, namely Sabzpuri and Resham. Various plant characteristics, such as leaf count, germination index, fresh root biomass, root length, days until first flowers, and plant height were measured. The results showed significant differences across all metrics when comparing treatments with different organic manures. For okra plants grown with M1 (canal sediment + soil), the results were 39.16% with a germination index of 1.74, 6.98 leaves per plant, plant height of 25.05 cm, 58.16 days to flowering, 0.62 g fresh root biomass, 0.19 g dry root biomass, and root length of 22.67 cm. For okra plants grown with M2 (canal sediment + soil + sheep manure), the results were 75.0% with a germination index of 3.22, 9.83 leaves per plant, plant height of 28.83 cm, 41.83 days to flowering, 1.96 g fresh root biomass, 0.36 g dry root biomass, and root length of 32.24 cm. Okra plants grown with M3 (canal sediment+ soil+ fish meal) yielded 1.49 g of fresh root biomass, 0.27 g of dry root biomass, 16.05 leaves per plant, and attained a height of 30.83 cm. In comparison, okra plants grown with M4 (canal sediment+ soil+ bone meal) had a seed germination rate of 59.16%, yielded 12.77 leaves per plant, attained a height of 30.39 cm, and began flowering in 52.83 days. To conclude, M2 (canal sediment + soil + sheep manure) resulted in the most robust growth of okra, outperforming the Resham variety in terms of growth and development.