The Variation of Several Parameters in the Premature Ovarian Failure Model by D-Galactose and the Effect of Some Drugs on the Model: Fundamental Study

Background and Aim: Premature Ovarian Failure (POF), or premature menopause affects 1-3% of women. Patients experience menopausal symptoms, genital dystrophy, high FSH and LH levels and low estradiol. Hormone replacement therapy and other treatments can help, but their side effects are debated. To better understand POF and develop effective treatments, we used D-galactose-induced models to test various drugs. Methods: Female Wistar rats (160-180 g, 16-18 weeks) were used to study D-galactose-induced Premature Ovarian Failure (POF). Rats were injected with 0.5 mL of 5% D-galactose subcutaneously for 30 days. Post-treatment, endometrium and myometrium thickness, ovary weight and volume and follicle number were measured. The POF models were then treated with Styphnolobium japonicum fruit extract, Cimicifuga heracleifolia extracts, folliculin and rigevidon and the karyopyknotic index, uterine gland number and size, ovary weight and follicle count were assessed. Results: In the D-galactose-induced POF models, endometrium and myometrium thickness, ovary weight and volume and mature follicle number significantly decreased. Conclusion: The effectiveness of drugs in reversing these effects was ranked as follows: folliculin, Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract, rigevidon and Styphnolobium japonicum extract.