Modeling and Control of a High Voltage Battery Pack Cell for Electric Vehicles

Abstract Consumer vehicles have been propelled by internal combustion (IC) engines for more than a century. They are extremely convenient but have consequences such as global warming and air pollution. As a result of the demand to shift away from fossil fuels, battery electric vehicles (BEV) have grown in popularity, both domestically and across the globe. To reduce the time to market, and to reduce time spent testing prior to final design, modeling and simulation can be used to analyze and drive design of battery cells as utilized for vehicle propulsion. Therefore, a simulation model is proposed using an equivalent circuit model using MATLAB and Simulink, resulting in the potential for hardware tests elimination which results in cost reduction. To generate such models, a set of parameters can be extracted from cell test data across various operating conditions to create a linear mathematical model that predicts the voltage of a cell across varying loads. This cell model can then be scaled in relation to the pack configuration to model a full vehicle high voltage battery pack. The mathematical model can be used to design a state observer even if the cell’s initial conditions are not available.