Comprehensive sequencing of the genome and transcriptome of the Xishuangbanna game fowl

The Xishuangbanna game fowl, a local Chinese chicken breed renowned for its athleticism, is facing extinction. Despite its significance, research on its genome assembly and resequencing remains sparse, limiting our understanding of its genetic structure and function. In this study, we assembled a chromosome-level genome using second-generation sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), along with transcriptome sequencing. We also resequenced 62 individuals. The resulting assembly yielded a 1.09 gigabase (Gb) high-quality genome, 994.34 Gb of resequencing data, and 141.38 Gb of transcriptome data from 15 tissues. This comprehensive dataset provides valuable insights into the artificial selection processes shaping the breed and offers a solid foundation for further genetic and population studies.