Peculiarities of placental factors content in women in pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization

Objective. To study the peculiarities of placental factors production in pregnancies resulting from in vitro fertilization (IVF) at 11—14 weeks gestation. Material and methods. 152 patients with 11-14 weeks’ gestation were examined. The main group consisted of 82 patients with pregnancy after IVF — fresh embryo transfer with native stimulation. The control group included 70 patients with spontaneous pregnancy. Clinical and anamnestic evaluation of the patients and ultrasound examination were performed. The following placental factors were determined in serum by enzyme immunoassay: levels of vascular endothelial growth factor type A (VEGF-A), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 1 (sVEGF-R1), placental growth factor (PIGF), trophoblastic β-1-glycoprotein (TBG). Free beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and pregnancy-associated protein A (PARP-A) were assessed. Results. Patients of both groups were comparable in age, social status, frequency of infectious diseases, and extragenital pathology. Inflammatory gynecologic diseases, endometriosis were statistically significantly more frequent among the patients of the main group, infertility was established in 100% of observations. As a result of the study of biochemical markers of fetoplacental system function in the patients of the main group at 11-14 weeks of gestation, a statistically significant increase in VEGF-A (p=0.001) and a decrease in sVEGF-R1 levels (p=0.001) were found. The “Method for predicting the threat of pregnancy termination in the II trimester in the form of threatening late miscarriage and threatening preterm labor in women with pregnancy resulting from IVF” was developed (invention patent No. 2784346 dated 23.11.2022). Conclusion. Application of the developed method of predicting the development of threatening pregnancy termination in the II trimester — threatening late miscarriage and/or threatening preterm labor in women with pregnancy resulting from IVF, allows to provide a personalized approach to the management of these pregnant women, as well as to timely conduct preventive and therapeutic measures to prolong pregnancy and improve perinatal outcome.