Quality of life and psychosomatic status of women of reproductive age with adenomyosis

Objective. To study the influence of adenomyosis on psychosomatic status of women of reproductive age. Material and methods. A complex clinical, laboratory and instrumental prospective examination of 224 patients aged 30 to 50 years (mean age 42.0±1.8 years) with adenomyosis was carried out. These patients constituted the main group of the study. The patients of the main group were divided into groups 1 and 2 depending on the form of adenomyosis (group 1 — diffuse form, 106 women; group 2 — nodular form, 118 women). The control group consisted of 84 relatively healthy women of reproductive age with a regular ovulatory menstrual cycle and no history of gynecologic diseases. To assess the psychosomatic status of female patients with adenomyosis, we used the Alexandrovich methodology — the Questionnaire for the Determination of Neurotic Disorders Symptomatic (ONR-Si). The quality of life of women of reproductive age with adenomyosis was assessed using the SF-36 or MOS (medical outcome study, Short Form-36) questionnaire. Results. The obtained data show that there are significant differences in psycho-emotional state in the compared groups of patients with adenomyosis. In the majority of patients with adenomyosis and pain syndrome such symptoms as sleep disorders prevailed in the personality characteristic: in group 1 — 20.22±0.19 points and in group 2 — 17.29±0.12 points, affective tension — 15.50±0.17 and 13.16±0.11 points respectively, depressive disorders — 10.14±0.38 and 8.21±0.28 points respectively. Such symptoms as anancastic disorders — 11.43±0.38 and 9.18±0.32 points respectively, obsessive disorders — 9.84±0.19 and 7.32±0.03 points respectively were slightly less frequently noted. Reactive and personality anxiety scores in patients with adenomyosis accompanied by pain syndrome are higher than in patients with adenomyosis without pain syndrome (1.25 and 1.20 times, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusion. The obtained data show that adenomyosis disease affects many aspects of patients’ quality of life. In the majority of patients with pain syndrome, such symptoms as anxiety-phobic and depressive disorders, affective tension, obsessive and anankastic disorders predominate in the personality characteristic. Initiatives to study the quality of life of patients with adenomyosis will contribute to the development of informative and operational measures that will help create new treatment approaches. This study represents the first step in understanding perspectives in the treatment of patients with adenomyosis.