Underwater ranging with a single smartphone

We proposed a novel underwater acoustic ranging scheme based on a single smartphone. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the complexity of the underwater environment. In addressing the underwater sound speed issue, we selected an appropriate signal ranging scheme to achieve absolute ranging effects. Additionally, considering the interference caused by the waterproof case for smartphones on sound signal transmission, we chose suitable frequency bands and bandwidths in the signal design. We also conducted sound pressure level tests in air to ensure that the signal, under the suppression of the waterproof case, met the intensity requirements for ranging. Although our work was still in the preliminary stage, we believed that this effort could provide an alternative approach to the positioning and ranging of underwater activities.