Exploring Parent Perspectives on Autonomy Supportive Environments: A Qualitative Recreational Therapy Approach

The purpose of this study was to explore the ways parents provide autonomy supportive environments to their child with type 1 diabetes. Self-determination theory (SDT) is focused on interplay between extrinsic forces acting on persons and the intrinsic motive and needs of human beings. This study adopted SDT as its theoretical framework, with emphasis on autonomy supportive environments. Interview questions were formulated and prepared according to components within the SDT. Between January 2023 and March 2023, seven parents consented and participated in interviews via Zoom. Interviews followed a pre-constructed interview protocol which included 10 questions centered on the fostering of competence, relatedness, autonomy, choice provision, rational provision, perspective taking, and advocacy. While it is known that parenting children with type 1 diabetes poses many challenges, our findings support giving a child autonomy to lead to more effective diabetes management. Also, findings indicated the importance of involvement in social groups, such as parent groups and medical specialty camps. Recreational therapist (RT) professionals can measure outcomes as well as additional insight into parent perspective through camp involvement. This further supports RT using the self-determination theory within the practice of diabetes camps to improve health. Authors provide suggestions for future studies and practice implications for parental camp involvement.