Effects of Preferred Music on Older Adults with Dementia: An Observational Study

Dementia is becoming more prevalent as the population of adults over the age of 65 increases. With an increase in this disease comes a need for interventions, as dementia is incurable, and nonpharmacological interventions are essential to reduce associated behaviors associated with dementia. This single subject A-B experimental design took place in the upper midwestern United States with individuals diagnosed with dementia who have documented moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment and demonstrated dementia-related behaviors. Demographic and personalized treatment data were collected through chart reviews and interviews with staff and participants before starting baseline observations. The lead investigator conducted A-phase baseline behavioral observations using time sampling for five consecutive days followed by B-phase experimental behavioral observations using time sampling for five consecutive days. The data suggested that preferred music can improve quality of life for individuals with dementia by reducing dementia-related behaviors. Implications for recreational therapy practice are included.