Functional Outcome of Extra-Articular Distal Tibia Fracture Treated with Tibia Interlocking Nail: A Case Series

Background: Intramedullary interlocking nailing has emerged as one of the suitable management options for distal tibia fractures as it allows mechanical compression on weight-bearing, which stimulates bone healing. We studied 40 cases of extra-articular distal tibia fracture treated by intramedullary nailing. Methods: We retrospectively studied 40 patients of both sexes above the age of 18 years with closed fractures and grade 1, 2, and 3A compound fractures treated at SVP Hospital, Ahmedabad, India. Clinically, the fracture was considered to be united when the patient was completely pain-free. Patients were followed up at monthly intervals till union. At each follow-up, patients were assessed both clinically and radiographically, and details were recorded based on proforma. Results: The evaluation of the result was done using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) criteria. Thirty-three patients had excellent functional results, five had good functional results, and Two had fair functional results. In this study, 38 (95%) patients had radiological union within 24 weeks. Two patients had union after 28 weeks. Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing is a minimally invasive procedure that preserves the soft tissue and the fracture hematoma. It maintains the length, alignment, and rotation and allows micromotion at the fracture site on weight-bearing, which stimulates callus formation. It has a good functional outcome with gratifying results when used in extra-articular distal tibia fractures.