GNSS Continuous Spoofing Detection Technology Based on Q-Channel Composite Information

In recent years, satellite navigation systems have been widely used in location service application fields, such as military confrontation, civilian transportation, agricultural production, and weather prediction. The characteristics of weak navigation signals at the receiver have made their safety a research boom. Spoofing detection plays a key role in providing safe and accurate positing guarantee. Deception signal is usually accompanied by strong power characteristic. Thus, it can be effectively detected by signal quality monitoring (SQM). However, the existing SQM algorithms can hardly meet the basic requirements in terms of detection accuracy and detection timeliness simultaneously, especially in terms of continuously detecting whether there is still spoofing after navigation receivers being stably deceived. To solve the problem, a continuous spoofing detection method is proposed in this article. It uses the energy information of different chip delays of Q-channel as the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal monitoring metric. This spoofing detection method is validated in various scenarios of the Texas Spoofing Test Battery (TEXBAT). The smoothed test results show that when the false alarm probability is preset as <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the detection probabilities of spoofing signal in both scenarios 2 and 3 are higher than 99%, validating the advantages in accuracy and stability compared with the earlier SQM algorithms.