Influence of the physiochemical parameters on the occurrence of <i>E. coli</i> bacteria in a small and shallow reservoir

The microbiological quality of water plays a crucial role in the relationship among human, animal, and environmental health. This research gives insight into the relationship between concentrations of <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteria and physiochemical parameters in water, which is captured from the Butoniga reservoir and then used for treatment in the drinking water treatment plant Butoniga. Analysis was carried out using statistical analysis through the Pearson correlation coefficient and supported with PCA. The conducted analysis revealed that turbidity and Fe have the highest correlation coefficients with <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. Turbidity was also identified as a potential indicator for <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. Additionally, parameters such as Mn and UV 254 were also found to be closely related to <i>E. coli</i> bacteria, alongside turbidity and Fe. Furthermore, a relationship between <i>E. coli</i> bacteria and different water intakes was conducted. This shows that higher concentrations of <i>E. coli</i> bacteria were present when water was captured from lower water intakes, characterized by increased water turbidity. Thus, the research results provide important information on influential water quality parameters related to <i>E. coli</i> bacteria, especially in the Butoniga reservoir and related drinking water treatment plant, creating a foundation for future water quality management.