Association of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) score with dyslipidemia in adults: NHANES 2005–2018

Abstract Purpose Insulin resistance, proinflammatory adipokines, oxidative stress, and inflammation are critical mechanisms of dyslipidemia. The hemoglobin albumin lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) score, a comprehensive measure, has remained utilized in this prognostic assessment of numerous diseases, yet it has been infrequently applied to dyslipidemia. This study uses a cross-sectional design to explore the relationship between the HALP score and dyslipidemia. Methods Data from individuals aged 20 and above were gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database (2005–2018). Multivariable logistic regression models identified covariates and calculated odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Restricted cubic splines examined potential linear relationships, and stratified analyses based on HALP score and dyslipidemia were conducted. ROC curves assessed the model's predictive performance, including HALP groups, and nomograms were developed to estimate dyslipidemia risk. Results Regression models stratified by HALP score quartiles (Q1 < 37.31, 37.31 < Q2 ≤ 51.15, 51.15 < Q3 ≤ 69.68, 69.68 < Q4) revealed that participants in Q2, Q3, and Q4 had higher odds of dyslipidemia compared to Q1, confirmed by a test for trend. The model, including HALP, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, age, education, poverty-to-income ratio, smoking behavior, race, gender, and body mass index, showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for dyslipidemia. Subgroup analyses showed no robust interrelations. Conclusion This large-scale investigation demonstrates a curvilinear positive correlation bridging HALP score and dyslipidemia in U.S. adults.