Evaluating Socio-Economic and Environmental (SEE) Impact of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) of Gemstones on Livelihood in the Ijero-Ekiti Community, Nigeria

Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has experienced explosive growth in recent years due to the rising value of mineral prices and the increasing difficulty of earning a living from agriculture and other rural activities, in that regard the Gem Mining Industry (GMI) has come to be one of the major sources of income and employment for the country, especially the local people of Ijero LGA in Ekiti State. Artisanal and Small-Scale mining effects in the state were studied using structured questionnaires. This research draws on primary data collected from households and artisanal miners. The questionnaire was designed to answer the following questions about the socio-economic impacts of small-scale tourmaline mining on local community livelihoods in Ijero-Ekiti, furthermore, the research employs of a descriptive survey design, to understand the effects of mining in the study area. Results indicate that overdependence on mining and poor diversification of livelihood options has hindered the development of rural communities. The equitable distribution of employment opportunities and revenue from small-scale mining remains a challenge for sustainable local development.