Leveraging artificial intelligence to enhance teaching and learning in higher education: Promoting quality education and critical engagement

This scoping review explores the role of Artificial Intelligence [AI] in enhancing teaching and learning in higher education, focusing on improving quality education and encouraging critical engagement. A thorough screening process led to the selection of 64 relevant, high-quality studies. Data from each article, including research goals, methods, findings, and ethical considerations, were systematically analysed to provide a well-rounded understanding of AI's impact on education. The review covers research from 2010 to 2024, examining how AI technologies like machine learning, natural language processing, and adaptive learning systems are being used in education. It highlights key benefits, such as personalised learning, better teaching strategies, and more efficient administrative processes. However, it also tackles challenges like data privacy, ethical concerns, and the digital divide. Using the Technology Acceptance Model and Self-Directed Learning theory as frameworks, the review looks at what influences the adoption and effectiveness of AI in higher education. While AI has the potential to significantly improve educational quality by providing tailored learning and fostering critical thinking, its success relies on overcoming ethical issues, ensuring fair access, and boosting digital literacy for both educators and students. The study emphasises the need for collaboration between educators, policymakers, and tech developers to make the most of AI’s potential while safeguarding the rights of all involved. It also offers recommendations for future research and practical steps to ensure AI is used responsibly and effectively in higher education.