PRINCIPAIS CAUSAS DA PERDA PRECOCE DOS IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS OSSEOINTEGRADOS

Osseointegration, crucial for implant success, can be compromised by biological, mechanical, and systemic factors. The study aimed to investigate the main causes of early failure of osseointegrated dental implants, which, despite advances in implantology, still present a clinical challenge. The methodology consisted of a comprehensive literature review, using articles published between 2014 and 2024, from databases such as Scielo and Google Scholar. Relevant studies were selected using the descriptors “dental implant,” “subperiosteal implant,” and “osseointegration,” addressing causes such as peri-implantitis, insufficient bone quality, and technical failures during installation. The results indicate that early implant failure is associated with inflammatory complications, such as peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis, as well as factors like low bone density, inadequate immune response, and occlusal overload. Systemic conditions, such as diabetes and smoking, were also highlighted as significant risk factors for implant failure. Correct technical execution, combined with proper planning, proved to be essential in minimizing failures and ensuring long-term success.