From marine plans to marine licences: a weak link in the English system?

As marine spatial planning becomes established, attention is turning to the influence of plans on coastal and marine decisions. A study of marine licencing in the East Marine Plan Areas in England, UK, revealed that little reference is being made to plans. A technical approach to licencing has persisted despite the broader perspectives that spatial planning can offer. Also, plans may not be sufficiently specific and tested to guide licencing. Reforms to integrate planning and decision-making are needed, including plans designed to help with setting conditions and spatially allocating marine uses. Increased dialogue between planners and decision-makers is also needed.